One in five newborns suffers from atopy dermatitis accompanied by redness and itching, and some live with atopy dermatitis for the rest of their lives.
The process of the development of atopy dermatitis has not yet been clearly elucidated.
atopy dermatitis is not a simple skin disease, but a chronic systemic immune disease.
So it is difficult to treat.
Genetic and environmental causes cause abnormalities in the immune system, and inflammation that occurs deep in the skin causes severe itching, rash, dryness, redness, swelling, and oozing in various parts of the body.
The most common areas are soft skin. Behind the knee, ankle, foot, inside elbow, face, neck, hand, wrist, etc.
Today we are going to look at the causes of atopy.
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Contents
1. What does atopy mean?
Atopy is an allergic reaction in which the body becomes extremely sensitive without contact with the allergen.
In 1923, Cook and Coca began to call atopy, a tendency that can genetically cause specific immune-antibody responses to allergens.
The name itself is a term coined by Robert Anderson Cooke and Arthur Fernandez Coca, who commissioned linguist Edward Perry to use it to distinguish an allergic tendency from anaphylaxis, an allergic disease.
The word atopy is derived from the ancient Greek word ἀτοπία (ἀτοπία), which means ‘strange, abnormal’.
2. Atopy Symptoms
There are 4 symptoms of atopy.
There are atopy dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, and allergic conjunctivitis.
(1) Atopy dermatitis
Atopy dermatitis is a chronic, long-lasting, itchy eczema lesion on the skin.
Most of the symptoms of atopy dermatitis appear in childhood, and there are differences in clinical features by period, such as infancy, childhood, puberty, and adulthood.
Symptoms of atopy dermatitis in infancy are rough and dry skin,
Dermatitis occurs on the outside of the limbs, and it often appears on the cheeks, forehead, and head. After scratching with your hands, oozes or scabs form.
Symptoms of atopy dermatitis in childhood appear mainly in the folded areas of arms, legs, and neck rather than the face, and the skin becomes dry.
Atopy dermatitis in puberty and adulthood appears in folded areas such as the arms and legs or neck, and the skin in areas such as the face and hands becomes thickened.
(2) Allergic rhinitis
Allergic rhinitis has three main symptoms: paroxysmal sneezing, clear runny nose, and stuffy nose.
Because histamine stimulates sensory nerve endings in the nasal mucosa, it is transmitted to the sneezing center and sneezing occurs.
As the stimulation by histamine is transmitted to the vasomotor secretion center, the secretion glands are stimulated through the parasympathetic nerve, causing a runny nose.
In addition, this stimulation acts on blood vessels, and as plasma components leak, edema occurs in the nasal mucosa.
(3) Allergic asthma
The main symptoms of allergic asthma are shortness of breath, cough, and wheezing.
(4) Allergic conjunctivitis
Allergic conjunctivitis is characterized by hyperemia and conjunctival edema at the site of conjunctivitis.
Symptoms such as itching, pain, glare, or tears in the eyes or eyelids appear.
3. What causes atopy?
Atopy reaction is a hypersensitivity reaction to a local allergen, and the cause and mechanism of atopy disease have not yet been accurately identified.
However, it is generally thought that genetic and immunological factors are involved,
The surrounding environment or psychological factors are presumed to be the exacerbation factors.